EVALUTION OF THE BALANCE
FUNCTION
Because of the wide range of symptoms, and
the impact dizziness and imbalance has on a person's daily
activities and quality of life, disruptions in the balance
system should be evaluated promptly by an otologist and
audiologist. The evaluation should result in not only the
statue of the balance systems, but also in the functional
disabilities of the patient.
MEDICAL EVALUATION
A medical evaluation by the
physician will include a detailed history. Because the
imbalance system affects and is affected by all other
systems within the body, a detailed medical history will be
taken. This should also include the impact the dizziness and
imbalance is having on the patient's quality of life.
A medical examination by an otologist will include an
examination of the ears, nose, and throat. It may also
include a screening of reflexes, strengths, and range of
motion. Current and past health problems will also be
discusses.
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
A diagnostic evaluation
is typically performed by the audiologist. This evaluation
will determine the function of the balance system,
concentrating mainly on the vestibular system and the
functional abilities of the patient. This evaluation is
critical in diagnosing and treating the dizziness and
imbalance. In addition, the results of this testing will
allow the team to develop appropriate management strategies
and educational information for the patient and the
patient's family.
This evaluation will include a hearing evaluation, as the
center of hearing (cochlea) and center of balance
(vestibular system) are both located in the inner ear. Many
disorders of the vestibular system affect the hearing
center, resulting in hearing problems, ringing and buzzing
and fullness in the ears. In addition, other specific tests
may be performed to assess nerve function and inner ear hair
cell activity.
Testing of vestibular function will also be performed.
Weakness and imbalance between the vestibular centers in
each ear will be evaluated. Overall, balance function may be
assessed by having the patient perform functional movements
(such as walking a straight line, or turning quickly) or by
measuring body sway.
Once these assessments are concluded, the team evaluates
the results of the medical and diagnostic tests. The
otologist uses this information to make a diagnosis and
develop a treatment plan. The evaluation has become the
first step in developing an Individualized Treatment
Program.
